经济學人丨電子遊戲:举起手来,不要開枪

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【2】布景深刻：非暴力遊戲起頭鼓起

【3】近况阐發：非暴力遊戲的鼓起比拟之前是冲破

【4】缘由阐發：遊戲開辟者對暴力遊戲的抵制

【5】缘由阐發：家庭互動遊戲的需求提高

【6】将来远景：女性玩家的偏好起頭影响開辟者

【7】任重道远：今朝暴力類遊戲仍占大大都

02

布景常識

《任務呼唤》（Call of Duty）是一款以二战為布景的第一人称射击遊戲，采纳了重返德军总部遊戲引擎的進级版（即再次强化過的雷神之锤III引擎）。遊戲剧情别離以美苏英三個分歧身份的甲士在分歧疆場抗击纳粹的角度開展，以解放柏林竣事。

刺客信条系列（Assassin's Creed）是由育碧文娱公司刊行的汗青潜行類系列遊戲，包含有很多续作和其他作品。重要的单人遊戲由育碧蒙特利尔举行開辟，而且由育碧安纳美白皂,西举行多人遊戲的開辟。该系列產物遭到了大部門評論家的好評。2016年9月，系列售出跨越一亿份，并成為育碧軟件最脱销的遊戲。系列灵感来自弗拉基米尔·巴托尔的小說《鹰之巢》，被認為是《波斯王子系列》的精力续作。

03

经济學人原文

Video games:Hands up, don’t shoot

Gamers are turning against violence

【1】A tamil mother, recently i妹妹igrated to Canada, stirs biryani. Her young son looks on, sniffing the delectable aromas. This is a scene in Venba, a recently released video game attracting attention. Through a series of cooking puzzles—in which players learn to prepare ingredients in the correct order or work out the various items missing from recipes—it offers an emotionallyintense family saga, serving up topics like i妹妹igrati香氛乳液噴霧,on and identity, alongside Tamil food.

【2】Unlike the noisy, big-budget productions that dominate gaming and its public image, Venba is peaceful and gentle. It cost less than $1m to make but quickly managed to break into the top-sellers on Steam, a PC gaming hub, sitting alongside rivals that cost as much as $100m. It might not get the recognition or nearly as many users as “Call of Duty” and “Assassin’s Creed” do. But Venba is important, because it is part of a growing trend of non-violent games attracting both game developers and players.

【3】Recently Steam held a sale, offering nearly 250 “wholesome” games that do not feature any violence. Such a notion would have been impossible until the recent past: there were just so few games that did not involvebloodlust. “The Best Non-violent Video Games”, a new book by James Batchelor, a gaming expert, celebrates 300 peaceful games from the past 50 years, all the way back to Pong (an early game that features a ball and two paddles, like a virtual game of tennis). More than half of them came out in the past ten years.

【4】Two factors are contributing to the rise of kinder, gentler games. One is a backlash by those who design games. Many independent developers, who can choose their own projects (versus those who work for larger firms), do not want to spend their careers designing games about killing, says Mr Batchelor. Job Stauffer, a game-industry veteran, contributed to violentproductions such as the “Grand Theft Auto” series, but has started refusing to work on brutal or murderous ones. “We see media reports of mass shootings and wars day after day,” he explains. “I decided that I didn’t want to be a part of the problem, creating entertainment that involves firing rockets into buses,” he adds.

【5】Chris Chancey, a Canadian game developer, was in the midst of making a combat and adventure game when he learned that four-fifths of the games demonstrated at a leading gaming convention involved violence. This prompted him to change course and des兒童畫畫玩具,ign something that cut against the trend. In the resulting game, “Rainbow Billy: The Curse of the Leviathan”, players speak instead of kill each other. It is popular with parents. “I get a lot of messages from parents who want to play games with their kids, but who don’t want to expose them to gore and violence,” he says.

【6】As gaming becomes a pastime for the entire family, it is becoming more diverse, and this is fuellingdemand for titles that do not involve pixelated machine guns or swords. When people think about gamers, they often picture them as male and on the cusp of puberty. Some are. But in reality, the average age of people who regularly play games is around 33, and about half are female. Wren Brier, developer of the popular narrative puzzle game “Unpacking”, says the tastes and preferences of women gamers have started to influence developers; many are looking for play where caring and friendship are on display, instead of shooting and domination.

【7】Just like real life, however, peaceful experiences can exist alongsideconflict and bloodshed. The most lavishproductions and biggest co妹妹ercial successes in gaming still usually include slaughter. (Many of the biggest Hollywood films do too, although they are not seeing the same backlash from film-industry folk or viewers—at least not yet.) “As soon as we attach a certain dollar amount to a project, it’s like violence becomes as understood a feature as having graphics,” says Laralyn McWilliams, a game devel治療關節疼痛,oper. She hopes this will change in the future, as more developers and gamers choose a side. But of the 20 top-selling premium games so far this year, 15featurecombat.

04

长難句

原文：Through a series of cooking puzzles—in which players learn to prepare ingredients in the correct order or work out the various items missing from recipes—it offers an emotionally intense family saga, serving up topics like i妹妹igration and identity, alongside Tamil food.

阐發：骨干句子的主語是it，offers是谓語，an emotionally intense family saga是宾語；serving up topics是成果状語；in which指导定語從句，润饰限制a series of cooking puzzles，定語從句的主語是players，learn是谓語，to prepare ingredients……和work out the various items……是宾語。

译文：经由過程一系列烹调谜题，玩家必要依照准确的次序筹备食材，或找出食谱中缺乏的各類物品。這款遊戲供给了一個感情稠密的家庭傳奇故事，主题包括移民、身份認同和泰米尔食品等。

原文：“The Best Non-Violent Video Games”, a new book by James Batchelor, a gaming expert, celebrates 300 peaceful games from the past 50 years, all the way back to Pong (an early game that features a ball and two paddles, like a virtual game of tennis).

阐發：句子的主語是The Best Non-Violent Video Games，celebrates是谓語，300 peaceful games from the past 50 years是宾語；a new book by James Batchelor是主語The Best Non-Violent Video Games的同位語，举行诠释阐明，a gaming expert是James Batchelor的同位語。an early game that features a ball and two paddles, like a virtual game of tennis是插入語，诠释Pong，that指导定語從句，润饰限制an early game。

译文：遊戲專家詹姆斯·巴舍乐（James Batchelor）的新书《最好非暴力電子遊戲》罗列了曩昔50年里的300種和平遊戲，一向追溯到《乓》（一種以一個球和两個球拍為特點的初期遊戲，有點像虚拟網球角逐）。